Method of and apparatus for forming glassware



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Wzi'me stsr T: I @WWVM/k a. Q. W flffmrmqgaa ,Patentecl Apr. 7, 1936 UNITED STATES PATE N METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING GLASSWARlE poration of Delaware 7 Application March 21, 1934, Serial No. 7165M 22 Claims.

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for forming hollow glass articles, particularly bottles. More particularly the present invention relates to a method and apparatus of forming hollow glass articles wherein charges of glass are first formed into blanks or parisons in blank molds mounted upon a rotatable carrier, the blanks or parisons are then transferred by suitable transfer means to blow molds and are then blown to final form, and in which the transfer means is of such character that the blanks or parisons may be supported out of contact and out of registry with any body mold surface for a material length of time during which the reheating and'gravity elongation of the blanks or parisons is permitted.

Recent studies in the making of glassware have resulted in a better appreciation than was had therefore of the importance of providing a relatively long reheating time between the times of contact of the glass with a blank or parison mod on the'one hand andvwith a finish blow mold on the other hand. In most of the prior art commercial machine's, this reheating operation was done to a great extent at least while the blank or parison was at the position ofeither the blank or blow molds, the blank mold while the parison was reheating in that position being partially and wholly open, and the blow mold while the parison was reheating in the blow mold position being either opened or closed. Should reheating be permitted for a material proportion of the total time used for making the articles, the blank and/or blow molds coud not be utilized for actual forming operations while this reheating was going 'on therein and hence a material amount of the total mold time would be lost for actual forming operations.

My present invention provides means whereby the major part of "the reheating takes place while the blank or parison is out of contact and out of registry with either the blank or blow molds, so that these molds may be used a greater proportion of the entire time for actual formingoperations, this being done to a major extent by what may be termed an overlapping cycle, that is, a cycle of operation of the machine in which sevoral charges of glass are being formed simultaneously for each mold unit (a blank mold and a blow mold) of the machine. For example, it is possible to utilize the blank molds for a very large percentage of their time in actual forming operations while supporting parisons formed in these blank molds for reheating at some other position, or positions, (either moving or stationary) and at the same time employ the blow molds for a major proportion; of their time in the actual blowing of reheated parisons to final form, thus separating the three steps of the process of making bottles, i. e., the blank forming, reheating and final blowing, and causing them to occur at different positions or zones in the path of the glass through the entire machine, the reheating positions or zone being to a large extent difierent from the paths of either the blank or blow molds. 10

Certain of the broader principles described hereinabove are disclosed and claimed in the copending application of Wadman, Serial No. 707,060, filed Jan. 18, 1934, and consequently are not claimed herein. My present invention deals with certain phases of the above discussed subject matter which are not disclosed by Wadman.

Among the objects of my present invention are to provide a method and an apparatus embodying a rotary type glass forming machine wherein provision is made for separating the reheating step of the glass forming process intermediate the blank forming and final blowing of the glass from the strictly forming operations on the glass and preferably also to provide for the controlling of the elongation of the parison .during such reheating step. t

A further object of the present invention is to provide elongation controlling means during the reheating, specifically suitable bottom supports by which the elongation of the parisons during reheating may be limited.

A further object of the present invention is to provide tong transfer means for moving parisons from invertible blank molds on one rotary can'ier to blow molds on another rotary carrier, in which parisons may be moved to a level diiferent from that of the blank molds so that the blank molds may be reverted and in readiness for receiving the next charge of glass at the next dwell station 40 subsequent to the transfer station.

A further object of the present invention is to provide apparatus of the character above set forth, and also a method of operating that apparatus or other types of apparatus, by which use in conjunction with the methods and appaw ratus hereinabove referred to in which parisons are formed having some portion larger in at least one transverse direction than the corresponding portion of the article to be. made and to permit the elongation and attenuation of the parisons so formed prior to enclosing them within the final blow molds, thus compensating by the form given to the blank or parison for the attenuation due to the running or elongation of the parisons under the influence of gravity during the reheating step of the process.

Further and more specific objects of my present invention will become apparent from the following specification and appended claims when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 a view principally in plan and part ly in SQCtil in the line l-l of Fig. 2 showing a machine embodying my invention;

Fig. l is a fragmentary view principally in vertical section on'the line I -4 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 2 is a view substantially in vertical section on the broken line 22 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 3 is a view substantially in vertical section on the broken line 3-3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view principally in plan and partially in horizontal section showing certain details of the blank mold opening and closing means; 1

Fig. 5 is a view in plan of the top portion of the machine above the line Il of Fig. 2;

Fi '6 is a detail view in horizontal section on the line 66 of Fig. 2;

Fig. '7 is a detail view in vertical section on the line of Fig. 5;

center portion of Fig. 2, butshowi'ng a modified form of the invention;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic plan view of the form of the device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic plan view similar to Fig. 9, but showing a modified form of the invention;

Figs. 11 to 17 inclusive are a series of diagrammatic views substantially in vertical section showing the various steps in the formation of a completed article and illustrating particularly the comparative size of the blank with respect to the completed article and the development of that blank;

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic view illustrating in full lines the contour of the upper portion of a final blow mold and having superimposed thereon in dotted lines for purposes of comparison, the interior and exterior contour of a cooperating blank mold;

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary view principally in vertical section showing a modified form of bottom plate or parison elongation retarding device for use during the unconfined reheating of the parisons in the tongs; and I Fig. 20 is a development in elevation of a portion of the cams usable with the bottom plate structure of Fig. 19 showing also in vertical section a means for moving a sector of one of the cams vertically.

While I contemplate that my method may be carried out by machines of various types and also that from a broad point of view, apparatus may be built according to my present invention involving either an intermittent or continuous type of machine, I have chosen to illustrate the invention in the accompanying drawings as an intermittent machine, that form shown in Figs. 1 to 7 for example including two laterally spaced rotary tables or mold carriers, one having four blank molds thereon and the other four blow molds thereon and there being a third rotary carrier having, as shown in Figs. 1 and 9, three tongs thereon. The Fig. 10 form of the invention is or may be the same as that shown in Figs. 1 and 9 with the exception that the tongs carrier is provided with four equally-spaced tongs instead of three.

The frame of'the machine Referring first to Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, I have illustrated a machine including a main base member I, which may be mounted either upon the floor of a plant in which the machine is to be used or upon suitable wheels (not shown), as is customary with many glass forming machines now in use in the commercial art. Suitably secured to the base I is a supplementary base member 2 carrying the driving means and the timer for the machine. Suitably secured to the bottom of the base member I are annular bracket members 3 and 4 in which are fixed stationary vertical columns 5 and 6, as by pins 1 (Fig. 2), these columns serving ascenters for the blank mold carrier 8 and the blow mold carrier 9 respectively, the carriers being supported upon suitable ball bearings as indicated at l0. At their upper ends, the columns 5 and 6 are tied together by a suitable structural member or casting H, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. Also mounted on the bottom web portion of the base I is a bearing member l2 receiving the lower end of the shaft 13, which in this case is rotatable and which carries the tongs as will be hereinafter described, the upper end of the shaft l3 being suitably journaled as at M in the member l l.

Rotating means for the mold carriers and tongs I have shown for the purpose of'the present application, means for rotating the mold carriers 8 and 9 and also the tongs carrier intermittently, although it is contemplated that certain of the broaderphases of my invention at least may be applied to continuously rotating machines. For

rotating the several carriers, there is provided a suitable source of power or prime mover, as the electric motor l5, the shaft of which is provided as illustrated (Fig. 1) with a sprocket wheel [5 connected to the sprocket wheel I! of the speed changing device I8 by a suitable sprocket chain or other flexible driving means as diagrammatically illustrated at IS. The speed'changing device l8 may be of any suitable or desired type and is preferably adjustable. For this purpose I may employ the device commercially known as the Reeves drive although it will be understood that any other suitable device effective to accomplish the purposes herein described may be employed in this connection.- The device I8 is arranged to drive the sprocket wheel 20 which is connected to drive the sprocket wheel 2| by a.

aosasss or other foreign material into the driving gears. The bevel gear is secured to an annular mem ber 28 which carries a roller 29 (Figs. 1 and 2), thus forming the continuously rotating part of a Geneva movement mechanism. The roller 29.

is adapted successively to enter the several slots 30 of 9. Geneva or star wheel 3 l, which is mounted for free rotation about a fixed shaft 32*suitably gear 34 has securedv thereto a larger gear 35 which' meshes with the gear 36 secured to the blank mold carrier 8 and with gear 31 secured to the blow mold carrier 9. Thus intermittent motion imparted by the Geneva movement device to the star Wheel 35 will be transmitted through the gears'described to rotate the blank mold carrier 8, the blow mold carrier 9, and the tongs carrying shaft l3 intermittently and in the directions of the several arrows seen on Fig. 1.

It is also contemplated that means (not shown) be provided for imparting driving movement from the motor l5 and preferably from the shaft 23 to drive a suitable glass feeding device (not shown) for supplying charges of glass to the machine of my present invention in the well-known manner. Inasmuch, however, as such means are well known in the art, it is thought unnecessary to illustrate them in this instance.

' The gearing just described, the major portion of which is contained within the confines of the bottom and sidewalls of the base member I, is preferably enclosed to prevent the ingress of dirt, as hereinabove referred to, by cover members as illustrated at 21 and 38, these cover members being split so as to facilitate the construction of the machine substantially along the line 22 of Fig. 1 on which the sectionshown in Fig. 2 is taken, so that the cover member 2'! appears in that figure in full lines rather than in section.

The timer Inasmuch as many of the operating instrumentalities used in connection with the machine and hereinafter to be described are pneumatically operated. I have illustrated for controlling the timing of these various instrumentalities a timing device generally indicated at T, which device may be of the same or similar form to that now in use in the commercial Hartford I. .5." machine. this device being illustrated and described in the Ingle Patents 1.843.159 granted Feb. 2, 1932 and 1,911,- 119, granted May'23, 1933.

Briefly the device comprises a rotating drum 39 having a plurality of undercut circumferential slots thereon in any of which one or more .buttons as shown at 40 may be adjustablysecured. The valves 4| associated with the timer are arranged so that one valve will be opposite each 'of the slots in the drum. There is provided valve operating mechanism associated with each valve and arranged in alignment with each of the slots, these mechanisms being so constructed and arranged that when engaged by a short button, they will move their associated valves to a position to admit pressure from the main supply line 42 to the individual pressure lines to given operating mechanisms. When the valve operating mechanisms are thereafter engaged by longer buttons in the same grooves as the short buttons just referred to, the associated valves will be moved to positions to cut off the further supplying of pressure to the operating mechanisms connected thereto andto exhaust such pressure to the atmosphere through the valves.v The short and long buttons may be positioned at any,desired point around the slots and lockedin any adjusted position so that any of the pneumatically operated mechanism to be described may be adjusted to operate at the desired time or times in the cycle of operation of the machine.

The drum 3!) is adapted to be driven from the shaft 23. As shown. the shaft 23 is provided with a pinion 43 secured thereto which is continuously in mesh with a large gear 44. The drum 39 may be clutched to the gear 44 by a clutch device, not illustrated herein, but fully illustrated and described in the Ingle Patent 1,911,119 above reiy by the hand lever 45 shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

The clutch operated by the hand lever 45 is of the single tooth variety so that the drum is always driven in a predetermined relation to the position 2 of the parts of the forming machine and is driven one revolution for each intermittent step of rotation of that machine. The parts are therefore a'ways operated in proper synchronized time relation to each other and at the same time any of the pneumatically operated means may be adjustably arranged to operate at any desired time in the cycle and for any desired period by suitably positioning the short and long buttons 40 on the drum 39. I

Blank molds and mounting therefor mak'ng narrow neck ware. Each blank mold is formed of complementary halves 46, as best seen in Fig. 4. the halves being suitably supported in the mold holders 4?. The "holders are pivoted upon a common pintle 48, this pintle being suitably secured in an invertible head 49. The head 49 is arranged for inversion about an axis radial of the blank mold carrier Hi and for this purpose is provided with a pair of inclined roller bearings 50 positioned at points spaced radially of the carrier. This provides both for the inverting movement of the head and also against thrust and movement in a direction radially of the carrier.

, Blank mold inverting means Means are provided for inverting the blank molds when desired and for preventing such inversion when it.is desired that the blank molds be held in either inverted or reverted positions. the present instance, such means comprises a bevel gear 5| rigid with the head 49 for each blank mold and posit oned between the bearings 53 thereof. These gears are adapted to engage a stationary rack member 52, as s'eenin Figs. 1 and 2, this construction being similar to that employed in many of the commercial Lynch machines of the older type.

The various stations for the blank molds on the machine are lettered A. B. C and D respectively, station A being the charging station as seen in Figs. 1 and 9 and station C the transfer station. The inversion of the blank molds takes place between stations D and A to move the blank molds from a neck-up position at station D to a neckdownposfton at sation A. The rack member 52 i: continued from station A almost to station B, s1 tret n moving from station A to station B, the molds are again brought to a neck-up position.

Thus while the molds are at station A they are The blank molds I maintained against rotation about the radial axis of their heads 49 by the engagement of their gears i with the rack 52. During the movement of the molds from station B through station C to station D, it is desired that rotation thereof about their radial horizontal axes be prevented. For this purpose a portion of the hub of the mold carrying head 49 radially inward of the gear Si is flattened at least on one side and is arranged for movement in sliding relation with a stationary sector 53, thus preventing inversion of the blank molds during this movement. suitably cut away oppositethe rack portion 52 between stations D, A and B. This construction is best illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. The rack member 52 and tne sector member 53 are or may be integral as shown and are preferably secured as by the set screw 54 (Fig. 2) to the stationary column 5. '1

, The neck rings Opening and closing means for the blank molds and neck rings Inasmuch as the machine illustrated in Figs. 1 to '7 of the accompanying drawings is of the intermittent variety, it is unnecessary that the opening and closing means for the blank molds and neck rings move with the blank mold carrier. It is highly desirable if not essential, however, that there be some means other than friction for retaining the blank molds and neck rings against either opening or closing movement, as

thecase maybe, while out of control of the non-rotating opening and closing means used therewith. In order, therefore, to minimize the mechanism which must be rotated, I preferably provide non-rotating blank mold opening and closing means, and also provide means moving with the molds for preventing their being opened or closed inadvertently during such movement.

Considering first the blank molds and referring to Fig. 4, the mold holders 4'! are connected by links 51 to the outer ends of cranks 58 pivoted on parallel pintles 59 in the head 49. The cranks 58 and pintles 59 have rigid therewith arms 60 carrying rollers 6!. Suitable tension springs 62 .are connected between studs secured in the arms 60, so that the tension 01' the springs 62 will be exerted on opposite sides of the centers of pintles 59 for the arms 66 and 58 when the blank molds are opened and closed respectively, as will be seen from a comparison of the position of these'parts at the right and at the lower portion of Fig. 4. Thus the blank molds will be maintained resiliently either in their opened or closed position, clue to the tension of the springs 62 and the over-center-throw arrangement just described.

The blank molds are preferably arranged to interlock the neck rings, as best illustrated in Figs. 11, i2 and 13, so that the blank molds may be opened while the neck rings remain closed, as will be seen from a comparison of l2 and i3,

but the time closing of the blank molds This sector 53 is aoeases will serve to closethe neck rings due to their interlocking arrangement.

At station C, which is the transfer station for the parisons from the blank mplds into the tongs, it is desired first to open the blank molds so that the parison may be supported solely from the neck rings, then to engage thetongs around the neck or finish portions of the articles beneath the neck rings, as particularly illustrated in Fig. 13, and thereafter to open the neck rings.

Means are provided for accomplishing these several operations. In the first place, there is provided means for opening the blank molds at station C. Such means comprises a pneumatic cylinder 63 (Figs. 1, 2 and 4), this cylinder being mounted upon a suitable bracket which may in turn be secured to the cover plates 2'! and 38. The piston rod of this cylinder carries a head 64, which is provided with a pair of beveled portions 65 for engaging the rolls 6|. Thus when the piston in the cylinder 63 is moved from its right hand to its left hand position .as seen in Figs. 2 and 4, the rolls 6| will be moved substantially radially inward of the blank mold carrier, rotating their associated cranks 60 and 58 and opening the blank molds 46.

The angle 'ofthe roll-engaging portions 65 of the head 64 is such that the piston within the cylinder 63 need not be retracted before the next rotative movement of the blank mold carrier, the portions 65 having roll-engaging surfaces substantially concentric with the blank mold carrier at the open position of the blank molds, that is, at the left-hand position of the portions 65 as seen in Figs. 2 and 4.

The concentric character of the members 65 thus provides for positively holding the blank mold open while at station C and while moving away from this station rather than depending upon any non-positive means for this purpose.

The head 64 is provided with one or more rods 66 rigid therewith and slidable in suitable guide openings in the bracket supporting the cylinder a 63, so that the head 64 will always be moved in a rectilinear path and rotation about the axis of the piston rod will be prevented.

Pressure may be supplied to the right-hand end of the cylinder 63, as seen in Fig. 4, through the pipe 61 from the timer T, in a manner not shown, but which will be understood. Retraction of the piston within the cylinder 65 and movement of the head 64 to the right as seen in Figs. 2 and 4 may be accomplished either by pressure from the timer to the'other end of cylinder 63 or as shown by the use of tension springs 68 extending between suitable anchorages on the cylinder 63 and studs on the head 64.

The neck rings are each provided with a resilient over-center-throw arrangement for retaining them either open or closed similar to that described for the blank molds, with the exception that the linkage is all substantially integral with the neck ring carriers or holders 56. These holders are arranged in scissors form and have their ends connected by tension springs 69 (Fig. 1), which extend between studs on the portions of the holders on the opposite side of the pintle 68 from that which carries the neck ring halves. These springs are moved, due to the opening of the neck rings, between positions on opposite sides of the pintle 48, as will be seen by a comparison of the position of the parts at stations C and D in Fig. l.

The inwardly extending port ons of the neck holders aise have upturned ends as illusaoeaeee trated at 10 in Fig. 9 so that when a mold and neck ring come to rest at station (the transfer station), these upwardly extending'portions lit are in radial alignment with a head ll carried at the outer end of the piston rod of a pneumatic cylinder 172 which may be secured to the stationary column 5. Thus upon movement of the head M to the right as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, it will engage the upwardly extending portions it of the neck ring holders 56 and result in the opening of the neck ring. Pressure may be.

supplied to the cylinder 72 through the pipe 173 (Fig. 2) from the timer T for opening the neck rings at the desired time in the machine cycle.

The head H is similarly provided with one or' more guide rods l4 for'preventing rotation of this head about the axis of the piston rod of cylinder l2 and with retracting tension springs l5 for returning the piston to its left hand position (as seen in Fig. 2) at the desired time, this time being controllable by the exhausting of pressure through the line 13 by the timer T.

The operation of the cylinder 12 in opening-the neck rings is thus substantially the same as that of the cylinder 63 for opening the blank molds. Here again the configuration of the pusher member H is such as to permit the rotation of the blank mold carrier prior to the retraction of the head II so as to hold the neck rings open prior to the movements of the molds from station C toward the station D.

During the movement of the blank molds and neck rings from station C to station D, they'are held in open position by their respective over- 1 center-throw mechanisms above described. At

station D means are provided for closing both the blank molds and neck rings, such means in the present instance comprising a means for closing the blank molds, the interlocking relation between the blank molds and neck rings being relied upon to close the latter.

The means. for closing the blank molds and neck rings at'station D is substantially similar to that for opening the blank molds atstation C and is best shown in Figs. 3 and 4. This means comprises a pneumatic cylinder 16 suitably s'ecured to the base I through brackets 11 and 18 as illustrated at the right in Fig. 3. The piston rod of the cylinder 16 carries a head I9 having upwardly projecting portions 80 similar to the portion 65 except that they are arranged to en-' gage the radial inner portions of the rollers 6i and are designed at such an angle that they will be substantially concentric with the blank mold carrier at the closed position of the blank mold. In this case also the head 19 carries one. or more guide rods 8| extending through a suitable hole or holes in the bracket I! for preventing rotation of the head I9 about the axis of the piston rod associated with cylinder 16.

The piston in the cylinder 16 is moved inwardly Locking means for molds At various of the dwell stations both for the blank molds and the blow molds at which it is desired to perform some positive shaping operation upon the glass, it is necessary that there be some means more positive than that heretofore described for maintaining the molds closed, particularly-against the force used in accomplishing the glass shaping operations. For this purpose I have illustrated mold locking means which are substantially of conventional form and are arranged to be operated by pneumatic cylinders in response to the timer '1 in a well known manner.

As shown for example at station A at the left in Figs. 1 and 2, there is a pneumatic cylinder M suitably mounted upon a bracket 85 which is in. turn mounted upon the cover members 271 and 38 of the base I. This cylinder has a piston rod 86 which is connected by a pair of links Bl with clamping jaws 88 which are pivoted on a hollow sleeve 89 rigid with the bracket 85. The jaws 88 are adapted to engage portions either of the blank molds 46 themselves or the mold holders 41 carrying such molds. In the present instance the mold holders are engaged by the clamping jaws 88. .It-will be understood that the same construction is used either identical or with variance only of proportion for the mold clamps at various other stations, there being mold clamps as shown in Fig. 1 at stations A and B for the blank molds and stations G and H for the blow molds. The linkage is such that when the mold 'clamps are in a position as shown at station A in Fig. 2 clamping a blank mold shut, the links 81 are almost in a straight line, so as to form a toggle linkage to retain the molds shut against a material pressure. In an intermittent machine of the type here shown, all the mold clamping means may be connected in parallel so that there need be but two valves in the timer T used for all the mold clamping means, one for moving the clamps from open to closed position and another for moving them from closed to open position. Pipe connections are shown between the cylinders 84 .for the air passages to the timer at 90 and 9H.

5 The charging funnel At station A there is preferably provided a funnel for guiding charges of glass into a blank mold through the open upper end thereof. It is to be understood, however, that if desired the upper ends of the blank molds may be made flaring and the molds made sufficiently longer than the desired length of the parisons so that the funnel may be an integral part of the mold.

As shown, I provide a funnel 92 (Fig. 2) which is loosely received within a suitable opening in a bracket 93 carried by the stationary sleeve member 89. The bracket 93 may be adjusted vertically upon the sleeve member 89 so that the lower edge of the funnel 92 will normally be slightly below the level of the upper surface of the blank molds. Thus the blank molds will move the funnelslightly upwardly on moving-into station A, the loose fit of the funnel inthe arm 93 permitting such movement. The funnel 92 will then rest upon the top of the blank mold being guided only to its position by the bracket 93.

. g The neck pz'n' While for some purposes, particularly in the construction'of machines which are continuously rotated or in which the dwell is adapted to be very short as compared to the time required for settling glass in the blank molds, it is necessary that the neck pin move With the molds, I have shown a construction in the accompanying drawings wherein the neck pin is mounted for use only at station A and does not rotate with the blank mold carrier. The neck pin is not clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but it will be understood that it is removably carried by the head 94 (Fig. 2) so as to permit the interchange of neck pins for making articles having different size and/or shape finishes. The head 94 is mounted upon the upper end of a piston rod 95 associated with a pneumatic cylinder 96, to-the opposite ends of which pressure may be supplied from the timer T through pipes 91 and 98. The neckpin may thus be raised and lowered into and out of co-operative position in respect to the neck rings and blank molds while at station A by the application and exhaust of pressure to the cylinder 96.

The entire construction including the neck pin, the head 94 and cylinder 96 is preferably mounted for vertical adjustment with respect to the base I, so as to provide for the making of articles of different heights. For this purpose, the cylinder 96 is carried by a threaded stud or shaft 99, which is received in a threaded opening I00 in a part of the base I. The adjustment is made by threading the shaft 99 up or down in the opening I00 and then looking the parts in the desired position by means of the locking ring Illi which is threaded on the shaft 99 and is adapted to be tightened down against the upper surface of that portion of the base I in which the threaded opening I00 is formed.

Settle blowing means While I contemplate that any means desired and/or any of those now in use in the commercial art may be employed for settling charges of glass in the blank molds 46 and forming finishes thereof in the neck rings and around the neck pin, I have shown in the present drawings a conventional type of settle blow head for this purpose. Referring to Fig. 2, there is illustrated a settle blow head I02 which is mounted for floating movement in a stationary head portion I03 mounted in the outer end of the arm I 04 which is vertically adjustably secured to a vertical shaft I05. The connection between the head portion I02 and I03 is a loose floating one and includes a substantially semi-spherical contact surface therebetween'to permit the head I02 seating itself properly upon the funnel 9?, as shown, in order to obtain a tight joint when it is desired to apply settle blowing pressure to the interior of the blank mold. The member I02 is provided with a stud portion I06 rigid therewith and extending up into the chamber inside the head member I03 wherein it is formed with an enlargement so as to prevent any undue movement of the head member I02 with respect to the head member I03. The stud portion I06 is provided with suitable bores as illustrated for the passage of settle blowing pressure therethrough. Settle blowing pressure is conducted to the interior of the head member l09 through a suitable pipe I 0'! from the timer T, this pipe including a flexible portion (not shown) to permit of the necessary movement of the settle blow head.

Means are provided for moving the settle blow head M32 vertically and laterally between an oper ative position in cooperation with the funnel 92, as illustrated in Fig. 2, and an inoperative position above and laterally offset with respect to its operative position, so as to permit the dropping ge of glass vertically down through the is accomplished by M35 fixed to base I and having a piston I09 to which the shaft or rod I05 is connected as a piston rod. The cylinder I08 is supplied with actuating pressure through the pipes H0 and III from the timer T. Thus upon downward movement of the piston B09 in the cylinder I08, the head I02 will be moved downwardly-to a position in cooperation with the funnel 92 as illustrated.

Means are also provided for moving the head laterally in response to its vertical movement, such means comprising an arm II2 secured to the shaft or piston rod I05 and carrying at its outer end a roller II3 working in a curved slot M4 formed in a sector shaped bracket I I5 rigid with the cylinder I08. The configuration of the slot I I4 is such tha the lower end of the movement of the roller H3 and hence of the settle blow head I02 will be vertical, while the upper portion of this movement will be substantially helical, se'rving to rotate the head I 02 about the vertical axis of the shaft I05 and thus move it laterally to an offset position with respect to the funnel 92 permittingthe charging of the molds at station A by dropping charges of glass vertically through the funnel. This construction is conventional and is found in its equivalent form in the commercial Hartford I. S. machine as illustrated and described in the Ingle Patent No. 1,911,119, above referred to.

The counterblow baflie Station B of the machine shown in Figs. 1 to 7 is the counterblow station and at this station means are provided for counterblowing the charge of glass in the now upright mold, the

charge having been supplied to the blank mold and settle blown therein at station A and the mold being then reverted to a neck-up position during its movement from station A to station B. The counterblowing is done in the machine of Figs. 1 to 7 solely at station B, so that the counterblow battle and the counterblow head may be located at this station and not rotated with the blank mold carrier 8.

I have shown, therefore, a counterblow bafiie I I6 (Fig. 3) carried by the upper end of the piston rod II! ,of a cylinder II8. Pressure is conducted to the upper and lower ends of this cylinder from the timer T in a manner not illustrated herein,

but which will be easily understood. The cylinder H8 is vertically adjustably mounted upon a shaft H9 by means of a bracket I20 which may be integral with the cylinder I I8 as shown. Thus the vertical adjustment compensates for molds of different heights. The shaft H9 is rigidly carried by a bracket IZI secured to the cover plate 27 of the base I. The shaft I I9 also carries the mold lock cylinder 84 used in conjunction with the mold at the counterblow station B as hereinbefore described.

The counterblow head Means are provided according to my present invention to supply ,counterblowing pressure through the neck rings to expand the glass in the blank molds and complete the formation of the parison. In the present instance such means comprises a counterblow head generally indicated at i22, which is constructed and arranged in substantially the same manner as the settle blow head above described, that is it provides for free floating seating of the head against the neck ring. Counterblowing pressure is supplied to this head from the timer T through a pipe indicated at whic" will i ude a flexible portion (no shown) to he movement or, the I).

' together on a common pintle I39.

I22. The head I22 is carried by the lower end of the piston rod I24 of a pneumatic cylinder I25 2 to the opposite ends of which pressure may be supplied from the timer T in the usual and well known manner, one of the pipes for this purpose being shown at I26. The cylinder I25 is carried by a bracket I21 from the stationary vertical shaft I I9 above described. In order to provide for the vertical adjustment of the counterblow head to compensate for molds of difi'erent lengths, the bracket I 21 is adjustably secured to the shaft II3.

The tongs-mounting and movement As above described, there, are a plurality of tongs, in this instance three, which are arranged for intermittent movement about a center laterally offset from the centers of the blank and blow mold carriers and having common transfer stations with each of these molds, the transfer stationwith the blank molds being station C and that with the blow molds being station F, and there being an intermediate station E at which the tongs support a parison for purpose of reheating, elongation, etc., in a manner to be described.

The tongs are carried by a vertical shaft I3 which is intermittently rotated as hereinabove described. The shaft I3 carries a pair of brackets I28 and I29 in which the vertical pivot shafts for the tongs are mounted. Inasmuch as the tongs are all similar, only one will be described.

The tongs comprise a pair of removable jaw members I30 secured to carrier members I3I. These carrier members are mounted one on a hollow sleeve I32 and the other upon a concentric shaft I33 received within the sleeve I32, the sleeve being in turn journaled in the brackets I 28 and I23. At their upper ends, that is above the bracket I28, the sleeve I32 and shaft I33 .are respectively provided with crank arms I34 and I33, the hub of the lowermost of these arms hearing against the bracket member I28 so as to prevent vertical movement of the sleeve I32 with respect to the brackets. The crank arms or tongs carrier members'I3I bear against each other and the uppermost thereof bears against the lower surface of the bracket member I29, thus preventing any vertical movement of the tongs with respect to the shaft I3. The tongs are adapted to close, as illustrated in Fig. 13, immediately beneath the neck ring 55.

Tongs opening and closing means-means for maintaining the tongs opened or closed Means are provided tending to urge the tongs toward closed position. In the present instance such means taken the formof a tension spring I36 extending between suitable studs on. the tongs carriers I3I.

The linkages at the upper ends of the hollow shafts and sleeves I32-I33 are best shown in Fig. 6 and each comprises the arms or cranks I33 and I above described. These arms or cranks of each tongs are pivoted at their outer ends to links I31 and I38 respectively which are pivoted When the parts are in the position as shown at the left in Fig. 6, the tongs are closed. The pintle I39 passes upwardly through a horizontally disposed cylindrical member I40 which is pinned thereto as indicated at I4I (Fig. '7). The member I43 is slidingly received within a slotted tube I42 as shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 7, the pintle I39 passing the tube I42.

upwardly and downwardly through the slots in These tubes I42 are secured to a suitable hub which in turn is secured to the tongs carrier and shaft I3, so that they rotate with the shaft. In the closed position of the tongs,

the corresponding cylindrical member I40 is at its outermost radial position in the tube I42, while in the open position of the tongs, seen at the right of the vertical shaft I3 in Fig. 2, the

'cylindrical member I40 is at its innermost radial position in the tube I42. At this innermost position in which the links I34, I35, I37 and I38 occupy the position seen at the upper right hand portion of Fig. 6, the links I3II38 have moved across the line of centers of'the'ir pivotal points with the links I34I35 so that there is in effect formed a toggle linkage preventing the closing 01 the tongs under the influence of the springs I35 at this time, these springs operating with the parts in this position to maintain the tongs open by tending to move the cylindrical member I43 radially inward rather than outward. Thus the tongs are resilently held either in their open or closed position by the springs I36 and the linkage shown and hereinabove described.

During the movementof the tongs from station F to station C, they are maintained opened by the means hereinabove described. At station I39 of each of the tongs in succession and to. move them from their innermost radial positions to their outermost radial positions, thus closing the tongs. For this purpose pressure may be supplied to the right hand end of the cylinder I43 as seen inFig. 2 through the pipe I46 from the timer T, pressure being exhausted from the left hand end as seen in that figure through a vent opening MI. The piston. IN and the spool I45 are maintained in the position illustrated until thetongs have moved away from station C toward station E. During this movement of the tongs, the piston I 43 is returned under the influence of the tension spring I43 extending between the upturned end of the piston rod which extends through the left hand end of the cylinder I43 and a suitable anchorage I43, this action being permitted by the exhausting of pressure through the pipe I46 by the timer T.

The tongs are thus closed at station C and are maintained closed during their movement to and through station E and to station F. At station F, means are provided for opening the tongs to release a parison to a blow mold once that mold has closed about the parison. For this purpose I have shown a cylinder I50, similar to the cylinder I43 and secured to the structural member II. This cylinder has a piston I5I, the

piston'rod of which carries a head I52 adapted to engage the radial outer sides of thepintles I39 to move these pintlesradially inwardly of the axis-of rotation of the tongs, thatis to the position shown in Fig. 2 at the right of the shaft I3. For this purpose, pressure is supplied to the cylinder I 53 through' the pipe- I53 from the timer T, pressure being exhausted from the opposite end of the cylinder through a suitable vent as illustrated. The piston I5I and the head I52 carried by the piston rod thereof may be returned at any desired time after the tongs have been opened and prior to the movement of the next tong into station F due to the fact that the linkage above described will maintain the tongs open once they have been opened as above set forth. The return movement of the piston I5I to the right, as seen in Fig. 2, is accomplished by the tension spring I54 extending between an upward extension of the head I52 and a suitable anchorage I55 fixed to the frame member ll.

Means for limiting elongation of parisons during transfer For the purpose of limiting the elongation of parisons during transfer, it is sometimes desirable, although not in all cases absolutely necessary, to use a suitable bottom plate or elongation stop. I have shown such an arrangement in the accompanying drawings and contemplate under certain circumstances using these bottom plates or stops, although my apparatus may under other circumstances and according to other methods be utilized without these bottom plates or stops.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, however, there are a plurality of bottom plates or stops I56 arranged one below each of the tong positions and pivoted on horizontal axes I5'I to a suitable collar I58 vertically adjustably secured to the shaft I3 so as to rotate therewith. The vertical adjustment is provided so that articles of various lengths may be formed by the machine. I'hese bottom plates or stops I56 are adapted to slide over a suitably shaped substantially annular cam I59 secured to stationary parts of the machine and surrounding the shaft I3, the bottom plates I56 sliding over the upper surface of this cam. It is contemplated ordinarily that the cam portion willbe. substantially horizontal from the station C to the station E and part way at least toward the station F. As illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the cam I59 terminates prior to the station F at I60 (Fig. 1) so that the bottom 'plates fall after passing this point to a substantially vertical position from which they ride up an inclined surface of the cam in moving to the station C. This lowering of the bottom plates prior to the arrival of the tongs at station F is required in order to permit the closing of the blow molds at this station. It is also desirable that the lowering be done relatively rapidly, as by a quick fall under the influence of gravity, in order that the glass may not sag too farprior to being enclosed by the blow mold. The cam I59 will in the usual case also be vertically adjustable in order to provide for the making of bottles of different lengths, but this adjustment is not particularly illustrated in the accompanying drawings. s

I have shown in Figs. 19 and 20 a modified form of bottom plate or parison elongation limiting device, which may be desirable under certain circumstances. As shown in the drawings, the plate I560. is pivoted at I51 in the same manner as plate I56 above described. This plate has a depending portion which rides along the cam surface I59b as illustrated. The bottom of the parison is supported upon a bottom plate member I551) which is provided with a depending and preferably integral stem I580 extending loosely through a suitable aperture in the member I56a.

Beneath the member I56a and surrounding the stem I560 there may be provided if desired a light compression spring l56d extending between The spring I56d, when used, tends to assist gravity in moving the bottom plate I561) downwardly with respect to the member I5Ba. The vertical position of the bottom plate I56b is controlled by a second cam surface I590, which is preferably formed in a plurality of segments integral with the member I59a on which are formed the cam surfaces I59?) and I59c. These cam segments are spaced apart at each of the one or more intermcdiate dwell positions for the tongs in transferring parisons from blank molds to the blow molds, only one of these positions being illustrated in Fig. 20. At this position there is a movable cam segment I59d which is formed on the upper surface of a vertically movable head I59e.

I provide means for moving the cam segment I59d vertically to control the elongation of the parison during the dwell at the intermediate station, such means in the present instance comprising a pneumatic cylinder I59 on the piston rod on which the head I59e is mounted. Pressure may be conducted to and from the cylinder I59 from and to the timer T through the pipes I59g and I59h, the latter entering the lower end of the cylinder as shown.

Provision is made for controlling the lowering movement of the piston within the cylinder I59 comprising a check valve I592 interposed in the pipe I59h and arranged to admit pressure freely into the lower end of the cylinder, but to prevent the reverse flow of pressure. In a by-pass associated with the pipe I59h and around the check valve i59i is a needle valve I597 by which the exhaust is controlled, thus controlling the rate of lowering of the cam surface I59d.

Suitable means may be provided for limiting the movement of the piston in cylinder I 59) in both directions, such means comprising in the present case a nipple concentric with the piston rod and threaded in the upper head of the cylinder I59/. and a suitable set screw extending through the lower head thereof as shown.

The cylinder I59 may be suitably mounted upon the base of the machine and in view of the adjustments provided, may be utilized with different interchangeable cams I59a, such as are shown in Fig. 20. Suitable means may be provided for vertically adjusting cylinder I59] with respect to the base of the machine if desired, such means not being shown in the drawings as they may be of any conventional character. The last segment of the cam I59c terminates at I60a just previous to the termination I60 of the cam surface I59b, so that the spring I56d will move the bottom plate I56b quickly downwardly out of contact with thewbottom of the parison and in a vertfcal direction immediately prior to the swinging down of the member I55a. about the pivot I5'I which occurs at the point I60 just prior to the arrival of the parison at the transfer station for the parisons from the tongs to the blow molds, this swinging down occurring as above set forth, so as to provide for mechanical clearance for the parts of the machine.

The purpose of the vertical removal of the bottom plate I56b is to prevent the possibility of heel taps or other irregularities which may be caused by the swinging down of the bottom plate, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, about a horizontal pivot.

It will be noted that theicontour of cam surface I59c is substantially horizontal in the early portion of the path of the parison (at the left, Fig. 20) when the parison is elongating but slowly and falls off more rapidly in the later portions when the parison is stretching or elongating more rapidly. Thus the bottom plate I56b may follow to some extent at least the normal elongation 01' the parison and tend to limitthis elongation beyond a certain point while permitting it to occur at a desired rate under control of the cam surface lttc.

Pufi blowing means At station E, I may in some instances desire'to use puff blowing for expanding the parisons to some extent during their reheating and while they are laterally unconfined. For this purpose, I have illustrated in Figs. 1 and 9 a bracket itl extending laterally from a vertical shaft lliif which is supported by a bracket Hit from the base i, the bracket Mil carrying at its inner end a downwardly extending nozzle in vertical alignment with and slightly above the position of the neck of a parison supported in the tongs at station E. This nozzle is suitably connected to one of the valves of the timer T so that puff blowing air may be supplied to the interior of the parison at station E under control of the timer. The bracket ltl is preferably adjustable as to its length and angular relation with respect to the shaft tilt and also is vertically adjustable with respect to the shaft it? so as to permit the vertical adjustment of the nozzle to the proper elevation for accommodating the machine to the manufacture of articles of various lengths.

lift

provided on the blank mold carrier t.

This puff blowing is not a necessary 'step'in my process, although under certain circumstances it is useful and I preferto provide it on a machine so that'it may be used if and when desired.

Blow molds and mounting therefor it'll of the carrier 9. The upper ends of the pin-..

tles i166 are shown as connected together for rigidity of construction by an annular ring lfill. As

- illustrated, the blow molds are moved from. the

" compression springs Hi flit and the cross head l'll.

receiving station F at which the parisons are transferred thereto by the tongs, as above described, through the final blowing stations G and H to the takeout station I, there being four molds in the machine illustrated. At stations G and H there is provided locking means as above described for retaining the blow mold halves closed.

Opening and closing means for the blow molds and means for retaining them in open or closed position Each of the blow mold carriers is provided with a threaded link I69 pivoted thereto on a vertical pivot III], as best seen in Fig. 1 at station G.

The links I69 pass loosely through suitable apertures in a cross head I'll which is guided for solely radial movement on a pair of rods H2, there being a pair of lock nuts I13 on the inner ends of the links I69 inside the cross head ill and spiral being provided surrounding the links l69 and extending between shoulders on the links adjacent to their pivots Thus upon radial inward movement of the cross head it i, the blow molds will be positively opened; while'upon radial outward movement of the cross head, the molds will be resiliently closed, the closing force being determined by the compression of springs fl t.

Each cross head carries a roller lit on a vertical pivot by which movement is imparted thereto. The molds arrive atstation F open and while at that station are closed about a parison by means hereinafter to be described. From station F the blow molds remain closed while moving to and past stations G and H and up to station I, at which last station the blow molds are again opened to release the finished articles for the takeout operation.

I have provided a means for simultaneously opening one mold at the takeout station I and for closing another mold at the receiving or transfer station F, such means comprising an oscillatory cam ll't having in one sector a downwardly extending portion ill arranged to engage the outer radial portion of the rollers lit and at another sector a downwardly extending portion llil arranged to engage the radial inward portion of the rollers H5. The ends of portions ill! and Hill are spaced apart so as to permit the rollers to pass therebetween.

Means are provided for oscillating the cam i'lt, such means comprising a pneumatic cylinder flit suitably secured to the stationary column it above the mold carrier as illustrated, this cylinder communicating at its opposite ends through pipes i Mi and lti with the timer T, so that pressure may be supplied thereto for moving the piston thereof in opposite directions at the desired times. The piston rod it? of the cylinder H9 has pivoted thereto at its outer end a link ltd connecting it with a stud on the oscillatory cam ll'lt eccentric of the column t, so that upon movement of the piston rod it? in the cylinder Hill, the cam will be oscillated as above described.

Surrounding the column d and immediately below the bearing portion for the oscillatory cam tilt is a stationary collar ltd the periphery of which for a material portion of its circumference is at a constant distance from the axis of the column It, this portion being in vertical alignment with the lower part of the rollers Hit. The rollers flit engage this constant radius portion of the stationary cam member lt l shortly after they move away from station F and are, in continuous engagement therewith until just before they arrive at station I. Thus the molds are maintained closed during this portion of their rotation under the influence of the compression springs I14. The sector from just before station I to just after station F is cut away permitting the molds to be open at each of these stations and to remain open in moving therebetween.

The movement of the cam 1116 is so correlated with the movements of the molds by the timer T that the cam will be in its farthest clockwise ro- I tated position at the time each blow mold moves from station H to station I. When the mold arrives at station I and has stopped at that sta- .mov'ement to station F due to the friction of the partsi The mold at station F also remains closed about the parison by friction and inertia until this mold is moved to a point just beyond station F where the roller lit thereof will engage the outer periphery of the stationarycam member I84.

Blow mold, bottoms and movements thereof pivoted on horizontal axes I81 to the table portion I61 of the blow mold carrier. The interchangeable character of the bottoms permits bottoms of different types to be used for the making of different types of articles.

During the time the molds are closed, the bottoms are held in position by engagement of the molds as above stated. However, the blow molds are open at station I and not closed until after the molds have arrived at station F. During this period, therefore, means are provided for controlling the position of the bottoms, such means comprising a stationary cam member I88 suitably secured to the base I and provided with a horizontal portion I89 at station I, so that the bottoms are not permitted to drop until after the mold has left this station, whereby the finished bottles are supported in proper vertical position so that they may be grasped by hand, or by some suitable takeout device (not shown). In movin from station I toward station F, the mold bottoms are allowed to drop due to configuration of the cam I88 as illustrated at I90 in Figs. 1 and 2.

The cam I88 terminates just short of station F,

so that at that station the bottoms are in their lowermost position, which is determined by the bottom raising means hereinafter to be described.

Thus in moving from station I toward station F the tipping of the bottom will permit any cullet or ware which has not been removed at station I to be tilted off the bottom by gravity.

It is necessary to provide means at station F for raising the bottoms I85 beneath the bottoms of the parisons. For this purpose I prefer to employ a pneumatic cylinder I9I supported in an inclined position as shown upon the base I and adapted to receive pneumatic pressure through a pipe I92 from the timer T, this pipe communicating with the lower end of the cylinder. The piston rod of the cylinder I9I is in alignment with Final blow heads While final blowing may take place at only one station or between stations under some circumstances and with suitable modifications, I have chosen to illustrate in the accompanying drawings an arrangement in which final blowing takes place at stations G and H. Suitable mold locks are arranged at these stations for retaining the molds closed as hereinabove described.

Each of the final blow heads is similar to the others so that only one will be described. Re-

ferring to Fig. 2, I have illustrated a final blow head at I94, this head being similar to the heads used for settle blowing and for counterblowing in that it permits the mold-contacting portion thereof to seat floatingly upon the .blow mold under the influence of the seating pressure, the only difference being that the blow head is cupped at the lower portion, as illustrated, so as to surround the neck portion of an article which protrudes above the upper surface of the final blow molds. Blowing pressure is supplied to the blow head I94 through the pipe I95 from the timer T, a portion of this pipe being formed flexible in a manner not shown to permit of movement of the blow head. The blow head I94 is mounted upon the lower end of a piston rod I96 projecting downwardly from a pneumatic cylinder I91 which is carried by a bracket I98 vertically adjustably secured to a vertical post or standard I99, whereby to compensate for molds of different heights. The standard I99 is carried by a bracket 288 which in turn is supported by the base I through a bracket 28I Pneumatic pressure is conducted to the cylinder I9! to lower the blow head I94 through the pipe 282 from the timer T. Return movement of the blow head may be accomplished either by pneumatic pressure, or as shown, by the use of one or more tension springs 283 extending between the blow head and suitable fixed anchorages.

I preferably provide at the final blowing stations G and H, suitable means for preventing the force of the downward movement of the blow head from moving the molds downward and/or out of proper alignment, such means comprising an adjustable anvil member formed as a screw threaded stud 284 threaded into a bracket 285 and locked in adjusted position by a nut 286, these anvils being suitably positioned at the blowing stations beneath the blow molds so that any pressure exerted on the blow mold will be carried by the anvil rather than by the blow mold carrier.

7 Cycle of the machine, Figs. 1 to 7 and 9 Having now described the various constructions and the operating instrumentalities of the machine of Figs. 1 to 7, which is diagrammatically r illustrated in Fig. 9, I will now describe the cycle of operation of this machine.

Starting with one of the blank molds 46 at the position A beneath the funnel 92, the settle blow head I02 raised and swung to one side due to pressure being supplied from the timer through the pipe I I I and exhausted through the pipe I I8, and the neck pin in position in the neck mold due to pressure being supplied from the timer through the pipe 98 and exhausted through the pipe 91, a charge of glass is supplied to the blank mold. The next operation'is the lowering of the settle blow head I82, which is effected by the applicaof pressure to the cylinder I88 through the pipe I I8 and exhausting of pressurethrough the pipe III from the timer. This lowers the settle blow head and swings it laterally to a position on the funnel 92, pressing that funnel against the blank mold and forming substantially air-tight joints between the settle head and funnel and between the funnel and blank mold respectively. At about this same time, or possibly before the charge has been supplied in the mold, pressure is supplied to the mold locking cylinder 84 at station A through the pipe 98 and exhausted through the 75 aoaetaaa pipe iii to lock the mold. Pressure is then supplied through the pipe ml and the passages in the settle blow head to settle blow the charge of glass about the neck pin. After this settle blowing operation has continued for the desired time,

pressure is cut off through the pipe new and the settle blow head are is raised and swung to one side due to the application of pressure through the pipe 9 i l and exhaust thereof through the pipe Mil. At about this same time two other operations take place, first, the neck pin is withdrawn by the application of pressure to the cylinder th through the pipe 9' and exhaustion thereof through the pipe st, and also the mold is unlocked by the application of pressure to the cylinder b t at station A through the pipe ti and exhaustion thereof through the pipe iii.

The blank mold in question is now moved from station A to station B, being inverted in the course of this movement due to the engagement of the gear iii associated with the mold and the rack section 52, the mold arriving at station B in neck-up position. This intermittent rotation is accomplished through the Geneva drive for the machine as a whole. a

I The next operation is the positioning of the counterblow baiiie lit by the admission of pressure to the lower end of cylinder lit (Fig. 3) and the exhaustion thereof through the upper end of this cylinder. At about the same time the mold lock cylinder t l at station B is actuated to lock the mold at this station by the admission of pressure through the pipe 9% and exhaustion thereof through the pipe M of that cylinder. Also at about the same time, the counterblow head lit is positioned in cooperation with the mold by the admission of pressure to the cylinder are through the pipe wt. The parts are now in position for the counterblowing, which is accomplished by the admission of pressure to the counterblow head through the pipe Mill. After the counterblowing has continued for the desired time, the reverse action takes place in connection with the cylinders lit and I125, and the locking cylinder t l at this station effecting the lowering of the counterblow baffle, the raising of the counterblow head and the unlocking of the mold at station 18.

The mold with the completed parison therein may now move from station E to station C, it being prevented from inverting during this movement by the sliding engagement between the flattened portion of the hub of the mold carrying head iii and the stationary member 53 which engages such flattened portion. During this movement also the neck ring and blank mold are retained closed by the over center throw arrangem'ents including the springs 69 and t2 respectively associatedtherewith.

At station C, the transfer station, the first operation is the opening of the blank mold leaving the neck ring closed to support the parison. This is accomplished by the admission of pressure to the cylinder 63 through the pipe bl. The next operation is the closing of the tongs beneath the neck mold as shown in Fig. 13, which is accomplished by the admission of pressure to the pipe hit of cylinder Hit. The next operation at this station is the opening of the neck ring leaving the parison suspended in the tongs, which is accomplished by the admission of pressure to the cylinder it through the pipe lit. The parison is now held in the position shown at the left of the vertical shaft it in Fig. 2 supported in the tongs and somewhat above the bottom plate or elongation limiting device the (see also Fig. 13). 'Iheparison is then brought by the next movement of the tables and tongs to station E as illustrated in Fig. 14. At this station, however, puff blowing pressure may be applied if desired through the nozzle (not shown) from the timer, the nozzle being supported by the bracket Mil (Fig. 1). The glass is now elongating and the exterior surface thereof which has been chilled by contact with the blank mold is softening due to the conduction of heat thereto from plate of that mold may be raised to position tosupport the lower end of the parison without mechanical interference of other parts. The.

raising of this bottom plate is accomplished by the admission of pressure to the cylinder llill through the pipe ill2.- The blow mold ltd is then closed about the parison at station F due to the admission of pressure to the cylinder H9 3 through the pipe lltl and exhaustion thereof through pipe HM, rotating the oscillatory cam Il'lt counterclockwise, as seen in Fig. l. The parts are now in the position shown in Fig, 16. The next operation is the release of the parison to the blow mold by the tongs at station l. which is accomplished by the admission of pressure to the cylinder lbw through the pipe Mil, moving and thereafter to retain it against the walls of the final blow mold for a time sumcient for the extraction of the heat necessary so that the parison may be substantially completely set up upon removal from the. machine. The seating of each final blow head is accomplished at each final blowing station by supplying pressure through the pipes 2M to the cylinders it'll. Final blowing pressure is then applied through the pipes mt to the blow heads HM and supplied through these blow heads to the interior of the glass. The parts are-illustrated in Fig. 17 for this step of the process. It will be understood that at each of the stations G and H, there is a mold-locking cylinder til which is operated in the manner heretofore described for the mold lock cylinders of stations A and B.

The bottle has now been completed and the final blow m'old, including this completed bottle, is moved to station I, which is the takeout station. At this station the blow mold Wt is opened due to the admission of pressure to cylinder Ills through the pipe ltl and the exhaustion thereof through the pipe Wit thus rotating the cam Hit counterclockwise and opening the blow mold at station ll. The completed bottle may then be removed either by hand or by some suitable automatic transfer device (not shown).

In moving from. station I to station F, the

bottom plate is dropped to tilt off any article or cullet which may remain thereon.

In the form thus far described, station D for the blank mold is a cooling station and is not used except for the mechanical closing of the blank mold as heretofore described. 1

From the above it will be seen that I have provided a machine wherein a material part of the total time used for making the bottle is taken up with the glass outside any mold that is out of contact with any mold and out of registry therewith, by which is meant that the glass is out of any position in which either a blank or a blow mold might close around it. This term out of registry is to be construed broadly so that a position, for example, in vertical alignment with but above or below a mold, is to be termed out of registry therewith for the reason that the mold may be closed or used for some other purpose at a time that a glass parison or some partially formed article is in the out of registry position.

Novel parison formation in relation to machine cycle The provision of a relatively long reheat period out of contact with any mold surface and out of registry with any of the molds lends itself pei-ticularly to the use of blank mold configurations having some portion greater in at least one dimension than the corresponding portion of the final article, so that the reheating time or a part thereof may be utilized for the stretching of the parison and the consequent attenuation of portions thereof to permit the reheated parisons to be enclosed within the blow mold. This method of operation and theconfigurations of theblank and blow molds for carrying it out are particularly illustrated in Figs. 11 to 1'7 and 18, wherein there is shown in Fig. 13 for example a form of parison larger in the neck portion, as

- illustrated at 201, than the outline for the final desired article which is superimposed on that figure in dotted lines for purposes of comparison. Passing along to Fig. 14, it will be seen that the parison has elongated to some extent, so that thev neck portion is substantially the same size as the corresponding portion of the final desired article. Passing along a further step in the process (Fig. 15), it will be seen that the parison has elongated still further, so that it now rests upon the bottom plate I56 and the neck portion tions of the blank and blow molds, the contour of the blank mold being shown in dotted lines at 208 and the contour of the blow mold being shown at 209 for purposes of comparison. The form of the molds shown in Fig. 18 is probably more accurate than that shown in Figs. 11 to 1'7 .which has been exaggerated slightly to illustrate the principles involved.

The Figure 10 fo m of the invention This form of the invention is substantially the same as to the construction of the blank and blow mold tables and the operations of the several parts as the form of the invention previously described, the difference beingv that there are four tongs rather than three, the rate of rotation of the tongs being correspondir 31y changed, thus providing an extra reheating and/ or pufi blowing station. Thus in this formof my invention, there will be an overlapping time relationship between the reception of a charge in the blank mold, and the reheating of a parison formed from a charge previously supplied to thesame blank mold. For example, one charge of glass may be supplied to and enclosed by a blank mold at station A at the same time that a previous charge of glass formed into a charge in this same blank mold is at station F, reheating and being puff blown if desired, the charge of glass still earlier formed in the same blank mold being at station J, the take-out station, according to this cycle.

Figure 8 form of inventiontongs, mounting and operation In Fig. 8 of the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated a modified form of my invention wherein the purpose is to provide for the use of the blank molds for a larger percentage of the total time, that is to provide a construction by which it is possible to have the blank molds in readiness to be supplied with a charge of glass at the first station after transfer, i. e., the station corresponding to station D of Figs. 1 and 9, the molds moving in the directions illustrated in Figs. 1 and 9. The tongs transfer means may be either of the Fig. 9 or Fig. 10 form, that is having either three or four arms for the transferring of parisons between blank molds and blow molds and in which there may be four or more blank molds and four or more blow molds on the respective blank and blow mold cariers. It will be understood, of course, that if a larger number of blank molds and blow molds be provided on the respective carriers, there will prefrably be a correspondingly larger number of tongs provided, although the present number is deemed peculiarly advantageous in that it provides for a maximum use of the blank and blow molds.

In the Fig. 1 form of the invention it is impossible to feed the blank mold until the second station after transfer for the reason that it is im possible to start the inversion of the blank molds by the means shown at the transfer-station, even though the molds could be closed at that station,

due to the fact that there would be mechanical interference between the blank mold and the parison whether the molds be opened or closed should the inversion commence immediately. In order therefore to permit the inversion to start immediately on the mold starting its movement from station C toward station D, I have provided a novel form of tongs transfer in which the parisons are first lifted vertically from the parison mold while at the transfer station C and thereafter are moved about the axis of the tongscarrying shaft l3 on a higher level, the parisons being subsequently lowered while at the blow mold transfer station F. It is contemplated of course that the lowering of the parisons might take place at any time once the parisons have cleared station C, but I have found the arrangement hereinafter to be described for Fig. 8 to be the most advantageous. The vertical lifting of the parison to a level completely above that of the blank mold permits the blank mold to be closed while at station C and the inversion of the blank molds to take place between stations C and D, so that the blank molds are in readiness for the receipt of a next charge of glass at station D.

The blank molds and their operating means may be identical with the means hereinabove described for the Fig. 1 form of the invention, with the exception that the gear segment 52 and the invert preventing means at are positioned at an angle of substantially 90 counterclockwise with respect to the position in which these parts are shown in Fig. 1. This may be done by the same construction shown in Fig. 1, the parts being merely secured. in the difierent relationship above described. Another changewhich is made in connectionv with the blank molds is that the mold opening means at station be made positive for use both in opening and closing molds at this station. For this purpose the head til operated by the cylinder t2 is formed with a grooved trackway'portion 2112 for receiving the rollers tit. Also the mold closing cylinder it and its associated mechanism are omitted as it is unnecessary to provide another means for closing the mold, this operation taking place at station U. The charging funnel t2, the neck pin and its operating mechanism and the settle blow head and its operating mechanism will now be located at the station corresponding to station D of Figs.

I l and 9, so that a charge may be supplied to the mold and settle blown at this station. The counterblowing means described for station E in Figs. 2 and 9 will be either advanced one station to the station corresponding to station A orprovided at both stations corresponding to station A and station E. Counterblowing may take place either wholly at the station correspending to station A or partially at the stations take place betweenstations A and B instead of between stations D and A and counterblowing may take place wholly at station A or partly at station A and partly at station E. It is believed unnecessary again to illustrate and describe all these parts as they are substantially identical with theconstruction illustrated in the Fig. 1

form of the invention and above described with the changes here noted.

The transfer means used in this form of the invention is somewhat different from that-heretit) tofore described. In the first place, the tongs 'lltt' mounted upon holders or tongs carriers it ll instead of being mounted upon a coaxial sleeve.

and shaft, are mounted upon separateparallel shafts 2M, the tongs carriers ltl' being splined' to these shafts respectively. The shafts 2i i, a pair of which are provided for each tongs, are suitably iournaled in brackets l2tt' and l2tl' at their upper and lower ends. The means tending to close the tongs are shown as two springs ltli' extending respectively between suitable detents as2 i2 on the bracket l22' and studs secured to cranks ltd and Mt respectively. The cranks i2 2 and Mt secured to the upper ends of the shafts Mil-respectively are connected at their-outer ends to links ltl' and H22 respectively, as above described in connection with the descrlption of Fig. 6, the parts being otherwise connected in exactly the same way as those heretofore described andbelng numbered correspondingly with a prime mark for I diflerentiation. These diderences are necessary in order to permit the vertical movement of the tongs. The overcenter-throw arrangements are as nearly the same as those first described as possible in view of the difierences in the parts and operations thereof as above described. \The tongs actuating means are identical with those heretofore described.

-Means are provided in connection with this on those rods. The yoke members tit 113121356X;

tended portions 2M against the lower surface of which the outer end of the lever 2 it is adapted to impinge when the to'ngs are at station 0. This lever is pivoted at2lli to a bracket 2H suitably secured to the stationary column ii of the blank mold carrier. An intermediate portion ofthe lever 2th is pivoted at 2th to the lower end of the piston rod of a cylinder 2ltl which 'is pivoted at 222 to a bracket 22H, which isslikewise secured to the-stationary column '2. Upon arriving at station C, the tongs are in their lowermost position, so that once a blank mold lt has been opened, as heretofore described,by the cylinder t2, the tongs may be closed by the cylinder M2 about a parison suspended from the neck ring it. The neck ring is then opened, leaving the parisons suspended from the tongs will. at the lowermost position of the tongs. Pressure is then supplied through a connection (not shown) from the timer T to the lower end of the cylinder 2H2, which moves the piston and piston rod of this cylinder upwardly to swing the lever 2th upwardly about its pivot 296. The right hand end of this lever as seen in Fig. 8 moves the yoke 2 lt and the tongs lit embraced 'thereby upwardly to the level shown in Fig. 8 at which the parison is completely above the level of the blank mold, so that the blank mold may then be closed by the cylinder 62 and may be moved from station 0 to station D and concomitantly inverted to bring it to station D in readiness to receive a next charge of glass.

There is provided a semi-annular stationary plate 222 surrounding a portion of the rotatable shaft it between thetransferstation for the parisons from the blank molds to the tongs and the transfer station of the reheated parisons from the tongs to the blow molds, this plate being secured to a bracket 222 which is in turn secured to the stationary column b of the blow mold carrier. This plate is cut away so as to permit the raising of the yoke member 252 to a level just above that of the plate, that is to a level such that the lower surface of the extension 2nd is substantially even with or very slightly above the level of the top surface of the plate 222. Then upon therotation of the tongs carrying shaft t2, the tongs will be maintained in their upper level position due to the extension 2M sliding over the upper surface of plate 222. At the time the tongs arrive at the transfer station for the blow molds, the lowering lever 222 will be at its uppermost position, that is so that the level of the left hand end thereof as seen in Fig. 8 will be substantially even with the upper surface of the plate 222, so that the extension 2lt of the 

